History and Origin:
The Shar Pei, with its distinctive deep wrinkles and blue-black tongue, is an ancient breed that originated in China more than 2,000 years ago. Originally bred for hunting and later used for fighting, the Shar Pei was nearly driven to extinction in the 20th century due to political turmoil in China.
However, efforts by enthusiasts, especially those in Hong Kong and later in the United States, helped revive the breed. The name "Shar Pei" translates to "sand skin," referring to the unique texture of their coat. This breed is known for its loyalty and aloofness with strangers, making it a devoted family pet and a vigilant watchdog.
What makes a Shar Pei?
The Shar Pei is a medium-sized dog, famous for its wrinkles and a short, bristly coat that can come in a variety of colours. They possess a broad, flat head, small ears, and a muzzle that resembles that of a hippopotamus. The breed's most striking features are its deep folds of skin and its blue-black tongue, traits it shares with only a few other breeds. Despite their somewhat gruff appearance, Shar Peis are known for their affectionate nature towards their family members. They tend to be independent and reserved, requiring early socialisation to develop well-rounded personalities.
How to take care of your Shar Pei?
The Shar Pei's coat is easy to groom due to its short length, but care should be taken to regularly clean within the folds of their skin to prevent infections. Weekly brushing is sufficient to remove dead hair and maintain the coat's condition. Their ears, eyes, and the areas within the skin folds require regular inspection and cleaning to prevent irritation or infection. Bathing should be done only as necessary to preserve the natural oils in their skin.
Activities with your Springer Spaniel:
Shar Peis have moderate exercise needs. Daily walks and play sessions in a securely fenced area are sufficient to keep them healthy and content. They also appreciate mental stimulation, which can be provided through training sessions and interactive toys. Despite their energy levels, Shar Peis can adapt well to apartment living as long as they are given regular opportunities to exercise.
Common Health Conditions:
- Idiopathic Mucinosis: A condition specific to Shar Peis, where they produce an excessive amount of mucin, leading to the formation of large, fluid-filled blisters on the skin.
- Generalised Demodicosis: A skin disease caused by mites, leading to hair loss, skin infections, and inflammation. Shar Peis are particularly susceptible due to their immune system characteristics.
- Atopy: A hypersensitivity to environmental allergens, resulting in itching, scratching, and skin infections. Regular veterinary care and specific treatments can manage symptoms.
- Amyloidosis: A serious condition in which amyloid protein is deposited in organs, particularly the kidneys and liver, leading to organ dysfunction. It is believed to have a genetic component in Shar Peis.
- Entropion: A common issue in Shar Peis where the eyelids roll inward, causing irritation and damage to the eye. Surgical correction is often necessary to prevent long-term damage.
The Shar Pei is a breed that commands attention, not just for its unique appearance but also for its strong, devoted character. They make excellent companions for those who appreciate their independent nature and are willing to meet their specific care needs.
Early socialisation, consistent training, and proactive healthcare are essential to ensure a Shar Pei leads a happy, healthy life. As veterinary surgeons, we advise potential Shar Pei owners to familiarise themselves with the breed's health issues and maintenance needs, ensuring these distinctive dogs receive the care and attention they deserve.
